Loops, conditionals, and function (method) calls.įunctions as first-class objects and data collections.Īlthough most languages were designed to support a specific programming paradigm, many general languages are flexible enough to support multiple paradigms. What information is desired and what transformations are required. How to perform tasks (algorithms) and how to track changes in state. The following table describes some of the general differences between these two approaches. You define carefully the input to each function, and what each function returns. ![]() In contrast, a functional approach involves composing the problem as a set of functions to be executed. This is sometimes referred to as algorithmic programming. With an imperative approach, a developer writes code that specifies the steps that the computer must take to accomplish the goal. ![]() ![]() In contrast, most mainstream languages, including object-oriented programming (OOP) languages such as C#, Visual Basic, C++, and Java, were designed to primarily support imperative (procedural) programming. Functional programming is a form of declarative programming. The functional programming paradigm was explicitly created to support a pure functional approach to problem solving. This article compares and contrasts functional programming with more traditional imperative (procedural) programming.
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